From chapter 1 of his book, The Constitution of Liberty:
“This confusion of liberty as power with liberty in its original meaning inevitably leads to the identification of liberty with wealth; and this makes it possible to exploit all the appeal which the word “liberty” carries in the support for a demand for the redistribution of wealth. Yet, though freedom and wealth are both good things which most of us desire and though we often need both to obtain what we wish, they still remain different. Whether or not I am my own master and can follow my own choice and whether the possibilities from which I must choose are many or few are two entirely different questions. The courtier living in the lap of luxury but at the beck and call of his prince may be much less free than a poor peasant or artisan, less able to live his own life and to choose his own opportunities for usefulness. Similarly, the general in charge of an army or the director of a large construction project may wield enormous powers which in some respects may be quite uncontrollable, and yet may well be less free, more liable to have to change all his intentions and plans at a word from a superior, less able to change his own life or to decide what to him is most important, than the poorest farmer or shepherd.”
Our ability to choose with whom we wish to interact, the range of voluntary interactions we are free to engage in without threat of arrest and imprisonment, the degree to which our voluntary interactions are protected by the legal system, are the true hallmarks of liberty. Liberty is the shield that prevents others from wielding power over us, and that in itself is the only virtuous incarnation of power, that used in self-defense.
